Celebrating Fifty Years of Space Exploration
Today we celebrate President’s Day, a holiday dedicated to our country’s great governmental leaders. But today also marks the 50th anniversary of John Glenn’s first orbit around the earth. That accomplishment reawakened a nation’s hope and patriotism.
The Cold War and the Space Race
In 1962, America remained locked in the Cold War with Communist countries, most importantly Russia. With Russia’s successful launch of Sputnik in October, 1957, a new kind of competition began. President John F Kennedy officially made the space race a national priority in 1961, when he vowed that the US would send a man to the Moon by the end of the decade. Yet the US lagged behind Russia, managing only a few short suborbital flights—while Russia sent a dog, and then a man, into space.
John Glenn Makes History
Enter the man whom Tom Wolfe once called “the last true national hero America has ever had.” That man was John Glenn, a Marine corps fighter pilot from New Concord, Ohio. Glenn had dropped out of college after the bombing of Pearl Harbor and enlisted in the Army. When he wasn’t called to duty, Glenn entered the Navy. During advanced training he was transferred to the Marines, where he would later serve alongside Ted Williams, legendary Hall of Fame baseball player for the Boston Red Sox.
In 1959 Glenn was selected as one of the original seven astronauts for Project Mercury. Three years later, Glenn assured his place in history as the first person to orbit Earth.
- Glenn orbited the earth three times, and the flight lasted only 4 hours, 55 minutes, and 23 seconds. He would later go on to be part of the first mission to the Moon.
- The entire city of Perth, Australia turned on houselights and streetlights as Glenn passed overhead, earning it the nickname “City of Lights.”
- Upon his return, Glenn received a ticker-tape parade in his honor. His accomplishment also won the admiration of the Kennedy family, and he became a friend of the Kennedy clan.
- Though Glenn testified to Congress in 1962 to support excluding women from going into space, he eventually reversed his view. He supported Judith Resnik in her career.
- Glenn resigned from NASA six weeks after President Kennedy was assassinated. He returned to Ohio to run for political office.
- When Glenn retired from the Marines in 1965, he sought a new role as an executive at Royal Crown Cola.
Now 90 years old, Glenn is still married to his high school sweetheart, Anne. Today he’ll be honored again at the Cape Canaveral reunion of the Mercury team. Meanwhile, the promise and mystery of space travel continue to enthrall us.
Add comment February 20th, 2012
